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Whales face more fatal ship collisions as waters warm

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PORTLAND, Maine —
Climate change is imperiling the world’s largest animals by increasing the likelihood of fatal collisions between whales and big ships that ply the same waters.

Warming ocean temperatures are causing some species of whales in pursuit of food to stray more frequently into shipping lanes, scientists say.

The phenomenon already has increased ship strikes involving rare North Atlantic right whales on the East Coast and giant blue whales on the West Coast, researchers say. The number of strikes off California increased threefold in 2018 — to at least 10 — compared to previous years.

When whales are killed in a ship collision, they often sink and don’t always wash ashore. So scientists and conservationists say fatal ship strikes are dramatically under-reported.

Vessels strikes are among the most frequent causes of accidental death in large whales, along with entanglement in fishing gear. Conservationists, scientists and animals lovers have pushed for the International Maritime Organization to step up to protect the whales, but it won’t happen without cooperation from the worldwide shipping industry.

For the right whales, which number only about 400 and have lost more than 10% of their population in just a few years, the death toll is driving them closer to extinction, said Nick Record, senior research scientist at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences in East Boothbay, Maine.

At least three right whales died from ship strikes in 2019 — a small number, but still dangerously high for so small a population. All three deaths were documented in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence off Canada, where scientists have said the whales are spending more time feeding as waters off New England warm.

Scientists say the changing ocean environment with global warming is causing right whales and some other species to stray outside protected zones designed to keep them safe from ships.

“When one of their main food resources goes away, it means they start exploring new areas for food,” Record said. “And that means they’re encountering all new sources of mortality because they are going into these places where they are not protected.”

On the West Coast, where there was increase in whale ship strike deaths, scientists reported that the risk of such accidents has been growing in the 2000s as the blue whale population shifted northward in the North Pacific.

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The increased ship strikes could necessitate “a broader area where ships don’t travel,” said Jessica Redfern, an ecologist with New England Aquarium’s Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life and lead author of a study published in the journal Frontiers in Marine Science in February.

Moving shipping lanes, and the possibility of enforcing slower speeds for large ships, is a subject of much debate among conservation groups, international regulators and the shipping industry.

Shippers say they have made attempts to work with conservationists, such as an ongoing effort to move a shipping lane in Sri Lankan waters to protect blue whales. In a statement to The Associated Press, the World Shipping Council expressed a willingness to keep working to keep shipping activity away from whales, but expressed skepticism about whether slowing vessels would help.

“Reduced ship speeds also increase the residence time of a ship in a given area where whales are active,” the council said. “Given those factors, there is some notable uncertainty about how effective reducing ship speeds is in lowering the risk of whale strikes.”

Changes to international shipping laws would have to go before the International Maritime Organization, which regulates shipping. The organization has taken numerous steps to protect whales in the past, including agreeing in 2014 to a recommendation for ships to reduce speed to 10 knots (11.5 miles per hour) off the Pacific coast of Panama for four months every summer and fall.

A spokeswoman for the organization declined to comment on the role of warming seas in increased ship strikes. But the subject has caught the attention of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which oversees marine issues in the U.S.

Right whales, in particular, began showing a change in migratory behavior around 2010, said Vince Saba, a fisheries biologist with NOAA’s Northeast Fisheries Science Center. That happened as warm Gulf Stream water has entered the Gulf of Maine, a key habitat for the whales, he said.

“With that redistribution, the animals have moved into areas where there weren’t management rules in place to protect them. In a sense, the deck got reshuffled,” said Sean Hayes, head of the protected species branch for the fisheries science center.

Whales also face increased threat because ships now can travel in parts of the sea that were previously ice, said Regina Asmutis-Silvia, a scientist with Massachusetts-based Whale and Dolphin Conservation. As waters continue to warm, the whales will need more protections or the number of deaths will only grow, she said.

“The reality is that it’s time to actually implement the mitigation and that’s going to mean expanding areas where the speed rules would be in place,” she said.

———

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Follow Patrick Whittle on Twitter: @pxwhittle

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Apple unveils VR headset Vision Pro

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Apple unveiled its virtual reality (VR) headset, Vision Pro, Monday during its Worldwide Developers Conference. 

Apple CEO Tim Cook called the headset a “new kind of computer” that augments reality by “seamlessly blending” the real world and the digital. 

“It’s the first Apple product you look through and not at. Vision Pro feels familiar, yet it’s entirely new,” he said. 

The product is controlled by the user’s eyes, hands and voice, Cook said. 

Vision Pro will start at $3,499 and be available for purchase in early 2024.

Apple’s most direct competitor for Vision Pro appears to be Meta and its Quest headsets.

Meta, formerly known as Facebook, has put a greater focus on virtual reality and the so-called metaverse since the company changed its name in October 2021.

Last week, Meta announced its latest headset model, Quest 3, will be released later this year.

Copyright 2023 Nexstar Media Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.



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Update to the latest Telegraph Android app

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We are no longer supporting this version of the The Telegraph app. You will need to update to our new app to continue accessing The Telegraph’s content. Please click here.

The new Telegraph app is available on Android 4.1.4 and later.

Our new, faster app delivers all of the content you love plus more:

  • A customisable menu so that you can select the news topics that matter to you.

  • A Top Stories channel highlighting our editor’s choice of the day’s key stories.

  • Notifications on the big news stories so you’re always in the know.

  • Beautiful design and simple usability, so you can scan the headlines at a glance and browse with complete ease.

Should you have any feedback or questions please visit our dedicated help site or email us at appfeedback@telegraph.co.uk.



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Technology tips to work better from home during coronavirus crisis

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With more than 100 million Americans told to stay at home – nearly one-third of the country’s population – it has inexorably changed the way many of us work, play, learn, and socialize.

At the very least, technology has proven to be an extraordinary tool to help us adjust to this new normal.

Especially for those mandated to work from home, there’s no shortage of ways to remain productive while self-isolated or quarantined – but as many have likely discovered, it can be challenging at times. As someone who has worked from home for more than 25 years, I can attest to that.

COVID-19 social distancing: Together apart, screen time connects isolated kids with family, friends

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Even if the situation is short term, the following are some thoughts on “best practices” while working from home. And be sure to share your top tips on social media, too, and tag @usatodaytech.

Fine-tune your work at home plan

Working from home isn’t a “one size fits all” scenario. Some people, for example, are “segregators” who need to be closed off from personal life (such as in a home office), while others are “integrators” who work better in, say, a kitchen, and with kids and pets around.

If you work better in the morning, work in the morning. If you have some flexibility and you get more done after the sun goes down, stick with that. Determine what works best for you and embrace it. Be sure to take advantage of reliable technology to make your work more productive (see below).

For most, morning is the prime time

Contrary to my first telecommuting tip, several studies have found those who get the bulk of their work done in the morning are more productive and successful than those who sleep in.

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On a personal note, I try to get as much done before lunch as possible, which frees up time in the afternoon to prep well for the next day, go after new business (as a freelancer), or take a mental break, such as a jog around the block, before getting some more work done.

As someone who works from home, I often have trouble turning work “off,” even at night, but be sure to set some time for yourself and family – especially when your partner or kids might be feeling anxious during these times of self-isolation.

Dress for your success

Unless you’re video conferencing and need to be dressed in business casual or better, wear whatever makes you comfortable – even if it’s sweatpants, t-shirt, and baseball cap. Sit in a comfortable chair, in a room with good lighting. For those who spend a lot of time chatting on the phone for work, a hands-free headset is a more comfortable choice compared to holding a handset up to one’s ear. This is especially true for those who like to multitask, such as typing on a computer while talking at the same time. Keep water at your desk to remain hydrated.

Games on the go: Solitaire, Scrabble among classic casual games rebooted for mobile play

COVID-19 social distancing: Together apart, screen time connects isolated kids with family, friends

Avoid distractions

While it boils down to personal preference, having a home office is a good idea for a couple of reasons: you might work more efficiently without distractions whether it be tempting snacks in your kitchen, a loud television or hearing the kids argue over a toy. Closing a home office door means your colleagues or clients are less likely to hear the dog barking at a squirrel seen through a window. (Another tip: get to know your phone’s Mute button, too.) And you might need a separate home office for any tax credits and write-offs you’re looking for. Distractions are bad, but breaks are good. Take them, but then go back to work.

Telecommuting needs good gear

An essential item is a good computer, whether you choose a desktop with a large monitor or a portable laptop you can deploy throughout your home. Be sure it has a comfortable keyboard, a camera for video calling, and cybersecurity software to protect your (or the company’s) information. A good backup solution is key, too, in case of a power outage (or surge), virus, or hardware malfunction.

While the cloud is handy, you’ll be without your files should the Internet go down. Personally, I use an external Solid State Drive (SSD) called My Passport Go (from $69) instead of a hard disk drive (HDD), since it’s faster, smaller, and has no moving parts. Western Digital, which makes WD external drives, is among companies donating to relief efforts during the COVID-19 crisis.

Follow Marc Saltzman on Twitter: @marc_saltzman or subscribe to his podcast, Tech It Out at marcsaltzman.com.

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